What is Papilo edema?

What is Papilo edema?

Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause. The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks. Unilateral presentation is extremely rare.

What can cause Pseudopapilledema?

Causes of papilledema:

• Expanding mass lesion (e.g. brain tumor)
• Cerebral edema due to stroke.
• Intracranial hemorrhage.
• Compression of the ventricular system in the posterior fossa.
• Venous sinus thrombosis.
• Infectious etiology (e.g. cryptococcal meningitis)
• Pseudotumor cerebri.

Why does papilledema occur in hypertension?

Papilledema occurs when increased pressure from the brain and cerebrospinal fluid is placed on the optic nerve. This causes the nerve to swell as it enters the eyeball at the optic disc. There are some serious medical conditions that can cause this increased pressure to develop, including: head trauma.

What happens if IIH is left untreated?

Untreated IIH can result in permanent problems such as vision loss. Have regular eye exams and checkups treat any eye problems before they get worse. It’s also possible for symptoms to occur again even after treatment. It’s important to get regular checkups to help monitor symptoms and screen for an underlying problem.

Is optic nerve edema an emergency?

Bilateral optic nerve edema is a medical emergency. The onset and severity of vision loss and symptoms are important clues to consider. Rapid onset is characteristic of ischemic optic neuropathy, inflammatory and traumatic causes, and optic neuritis.

How do you reduce swelling in the optic nerve?

If doctors rule out a life-threatening cause for your papilledema, they might recommend weight loss and a diuretic (water pill) called acetazolamide. This drug helps bring down the pressure inside your head by lessening the amount of fluid in your body as well as the amount of fluid your brain makes.

Does optic nerve drusen cause headaches?

Conclusions: Our study suggests that a majority of patients with optic disc drusen have non-specific symptoms such as visual obscurations, visual field defects and headaches despite maintaining good visual acuity. Most of the optic discs appeared abnormal, but visible drusen were observed in less than half.

Does IIH show up on MRI?

While many MRI findings have been reported for IIH, except for optic nerve head protrusion and globe flattening, the majority of these signs of IIH on MRI are not helpful in differentiating between idiopathic and secondary causes of intracranial hypertension. IIH is a diagnosis of exclusion.

What causes optic edema?

Optic Edema. Swelling of the optic disc caused by an increase in intracranial pressure (papilledema) or by infection, inflammatory conditions or other conditions that create pressure in this area of the eye.

What causes swollen optic discs?

Optic disc swelling can be caused by a number of conditions including papilloedema. The term papilloedema refers specifically to optic disc swelling secondary to raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Patients with papilloedema usually present with signs or symptoms of raised ICP.

What are symptoms of optic nerve swelling?

Optic nerve swelling, also known as optic neuritis , is a medical condition that can cause pain as well as temporary or permanent visual changes. Common symptoms include pain when moving the eye, clouded vision, and the development of a blind spot in the central vision.

What causes enlarged optic nerves?

If the optic nerve becomes swollen, vision can be dramatically affected. While swollen optic nerves can have many causes, the most common ones include papilledema or increased spinal fluid pressure, inflammation, blood vessel blockage, infection and a mass compressing the nerve. An optometrist and a patient.